About Indonesia History Gain Independence Era II

 

    On January 3 about indonesia history, 1946 it was decided that President Soekarno and Vice President Hatta along with several ministers/staff and their families left Jakarta and moved to Yogyakarta as well as moving the capital city; leaving Prime Minister Sutan Syahrir and groups negotiating with the Dutch in Jakarta. Transfers are made using a special scheduled train, so it is known as KLB (Extraordinary Train).

    This KLB trip used a steam locomotive about indonesia history number C2849 type C28 made by the Henschel factory, Germany, with a series of inspection trains normally used for the Governor General of the Dutch East Indies, provided by the Railway Department (DKA). The series consists of eight trains, including one baggage car, two class 1 and 2 passenger cars, one dining car, one class 1 sleeper car, one class 2 sleeping car, one inspection train for the president, and one inspection train for the vice president.

    The drivers are Kusen about indonesia history, the firemen (stokers) Murtado and Suad, and the servant for KA Sapei. The journey begins in the afternoon, with the KLB leaving from Manggarai Station to the Pegangsaan Bus Stop (now dismantled) and the train stopping right behind the president's official residence at Jalan Pegangsaan Timur 56. After fifteen minutes of embarkation, the KLB departs for Manggarai Station and enters line 6 The train continues its journey to Jatinegara at a speed of 25 km per hour. The KLB stopped at Jatinegara Station waiting for a safe signal from Klender Station. 

    Towards 19 o'clock the KLB continued its journey about indonesia history with the lights off and the speed slow so as not to attract the attention of the train interceptors that were rife in the area. Barricades of empty carriages were also put in place to block the rail line from the highway running parallel to it. After Klender Station, the KLB lights were turned on again and the train was traveling at a maximum speed of 90 km per hour. At 20 o'clock KLB stopped at Cikampek Station. At 01 January 4 1946 the KLB stopped at Purwokerto Station, and then continued the journey until arriving at 07 at Yogyakarta Station.

    Before news of the proclamation of Indonesian independence spread to other islands about indonesia history, many Indonesian people who were far from the capital city of Jakarta did not believe it. As word began to spread, many Indonesians came forward to declare themselves pro-republican, and a mood of revolution swept across the country. Outside forces within the country had stepped aside, a week before the Allied troops entered Indonesia, and the Netherlands had begun to weaken due to the war. On the other hand, the Japanese troops, in accordance with the provisions were asked to surrender and lay down their weapons, and also maintain public order.

    The power vacuum for weeks after Japan's surrender created about indonesia history an atmosphere of uncertainty in Indonesian politics at the time, but it became an opportunity for the people. Many Indonesian youths joined pro-republican struggle groups and paramilitary troops. The most organized paramilitary groups include the PETA and Heiho groups formed by the Japanese. However, at that time the people's army stood alone and the coordination of the struggle was quite chaotic. In the first weeks, the Japanese army withdrew from urban areas to avoid confrontation with the people.

    By September 1945 about indonesia history, the republican government assisted by the people's militias had taken control of major infrastructure, including the train and tram stations in the major cities of Java. To spread revolutionary messages, youths set up radio stations and newspapers, as well as graffiti filled with nationalist sentiments. On most of the Indonesian islands, struggle committees and paramilitary troops were formed. Republican newspapers and struggle journals were published in Jakarta, Yogyakarta and Surakarta, with the aim of cultivating a generation of writers known as the Force of 45.

    Republican leaders struggled to unify the sentiments that spread in society about indonesia history, because some groups wanted a physical revolution, while others preferred a peaceful approach. Some leaders like Tan Malaka and other leftist leaders propagated the idea that the revolution should be led by youths. Soekarno and Hatta, on the other hand, were more interested in planning a government and state institutions to achieve independence through diplomacy. Pro-revolutionary masses staged demonstrations in big cities, one of which was led by Tan Malaka in Jakarta and was attended by more than 200,000 people. 

    But this action was finally suppressed by Soekarno-Hatta about indonesia history, because he was worried about the outbreak of acts of violence. In September 1945, many Indonesian youths declared themselves "ready to die for 100% independence" because they could not contain their patience. At that time, kidnappings of "non-natives" - Dutch internees, Eurasians, Moluccans and Chinese - were very common, as they were regarded as spies. Violence spread across the country, while the central government in Jakarta kept calling on youths to calm down. 

    However about indonesia history, the youth who supported the armed struggle saw the older leadership as "traitors to the revolution", which in turn often led to the outbreak of internal conflicts within civil society. The Dutch accused Soekarno and Hatta of collaborating with the Japanese and denounced that Indonesia's independence was the result of Japanese fascism. The Dutch East Indies government had received ten million dollars from the United States to fund efforts to return Indonesia as their colony back.

    Even so about indonesia history, the Dutch situation at that time was weak after the Second World War raged in Europe and was only able to reorganize its military in early 1946. Japan and other allied powers were reluctant to become executors of governmental tasks in Indonesia. While the United States was focused on fighting in the Japanese archipelago, Indonesia was placed under the control of an admiral from the Royal Navy, Admiral Earl Louis Mountbatten.